Apparatus for hydraulic drilling



March 6, 1928.

E. H. MORRISON APPARATUS FOR HYDRAULIC DRILLING Filed Sept. 5, 1927 I N VEN TOR ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 6, 1928.

EDGAR H. MORRISON, OF VIRGINIA BEACH, VIRGINIA.

APPARATUS FOR HYDRAULIC DRILLING.

Application filed September 8, 1927. Serial No. 217,419.

The present invention relates to hydraulic boring preliminary to driving piles in the ground for building construction.

In ordinary boring of this kind, considcrable ditiiculty is experienced in removing the loosened soil, particularly in very hard ground where the bored hole becomes barely larger than the diameter of the boring tool.

The present invention now aims at overcoming this disadvantage and to increase considerably the speed of boring at a rate of at least four to one as compared with old methods and the same kind of soil.

In order to accomplish this, a central boring tube similar to others of this kind and having a tapered nozzle atits lower end, is provided with number of downwardly directed auxiliary pipes .or hollow lingers, setat an inclination to the axis of the main tube and aside from the central nozzle openings both of the main and the auxiliary tubing, side slits are also provided, and all of them in such a manner that radial spray of water or cutting fan-shape jets .will be supplied in addition to the axial jets of each of the pipes. In this manner the soil will be loosened to a considerably greater diameter than that of the main tube, which will considerably increase the facility of the removal of the soil.

In a modified form of this invention, the main tubing fits in a core provided in a cast pile, and the nozzle and end thereof is made in the shape of a shoe which separates from the tubing and remains in the ground with the concrete pile.

In the accompanying drawing, the preferred form of the invention is illustrated, and

F ig. 1 shows a fragmentary section of the boring tube with its auxiliary tubular fingers;

Fig. 2 a transverse section along line .2-2 of Fig. 1; i

Fig. 3 is a partial vertical section showing the combination of a cast concrete pile with the boring tube, and

Fig. 4 a transverse section along line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Reference numeral 10 in the figures represents the main boring tube, which is tapered at its lower end to form a central nozzle 11. Part way up the tapered portion, longitudinal slits 12 are provided for a purpose which will be presently described. These slits are here shown to be four in number, but any other number equally spaced circumferentially may be selected. i

The nain boring tube has several tubular fingers l3 diverging therefrom and of preferably the same number as the slits 12 and placed in alternate positions therewitlnthat is to say In this case they are shown 90 apart and placed midway between each two slits. Their lowerends'are tapered asthe main tube to form auxiliary nozzles 14 which termmate a little short or the main nozzle 11. Similar to the latter, the tubular fingers are also provided with longitudinal slits 15, which, however, point inwardly, that" is to say against the outer surface of the main nozzle and in radial planes thereon The operation of this boring orexcavati-ng tool is as follows: i Y The nozzle 11 oii the main tube is first placed on the ground where the boring is to take place. lVith water under high pressure forced down the main tube 10,41 central jet Wlll then shoot down vertically from this nozzle. Simultaneously sheets of fine spray or fan shape cutting jets are forced through the slits 12 between the tubular fingers 13, while other sheets of spray are expelledifrom the said fingers through their slits 15, but in opposlte direction, that is, inwardly, while the first ones flow outwardly. V

. D verging from the axisof'the maintube auxiliary jets of water are also forced out through the nozzles 14 of-the tubular fingers. Witlrthis boring tube as here described, there will accordingly be five downwardly directed jets of water forced out therefrom,

' and eight sheets of radial spray or fan shape cutting jets, of which four alternate ones are directed outwardly and four inwardly.

It will now be evident that as soon as the tool begins to penetrate the ground and forms a boring therein, the loosened soil mixed with water will start upwardly around the outer surface of the main tube allowing entire jet to be lowered. It will also be clear that, on account of the spreading of the tubular fingers, the cross-section of the boring will be greatly enlarged as compared with What was the case with old methods of ex cavating'with single pipe nozzle jets. This will also be augmented by the inward and outward side-spray or side fan shape jets from the slits 12 and 15, which will tend to dissolve any hard lumps of soil, allowing lingers to go down.

lv'hen sullicient depth of the bored hole ias been obtained, the tool is lifted out and the hole is ready to receive the pile.

In Figs. a and of the drawingrythe method and arrangement of driving a con crete or other pile down in the ground with the tool, the latter is built as before with a main nozzle 11, tubular diverging fingers 13 and side slits 12 and 15 furnished in the respective nozzles.

In this case, however, it preferable to build the tool in the form of a shoe for the concrete pile 17, which has been previously cast and provided with core running throughout its entire length. A shoe plate 19 now provided at the upper end of the tool and upon which the pile rests; and reinforcing flanges 20 may be furnished connecting the shoe plate with the tubular tingers 13. The central pipe is in this case detachable from the shoe and stands on the plate 19, when inserted in the core 18 of the pile.

The operation is here identical with the description earlier given, the only difference being that the concrete pile goes down with the shoe, while the latter remains in the ground with the pile after finished operation, when the central pipe 21 may be removed from the core.

The essential purpose and function of the fan-shaped jets is to displace or remove the earth between the center and outside jets which would otherwise accumulate and prevent the lowering of the device into the earth. It is understood, of course, that in the operation of this device the earth is cut away and removed, thus making an opening of appreciably greater diameter than the apparatus in its progress into the soil.

Another purpose of the invention is in connection with fire-extinguishing apparatus. In this utility, the nozzle on the end of an ordinary the hose would project a main or central stream and a plurality of spreading streams and spra vJ- thereby covering a greater area. of fire to be extine [shed than could ordinarily he accon'i 'ilished with tire hose having but a single stream.

It is to be understood that the details of construction and arrangena-nt of parts may be varied widely without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the invention is accordingly not to be limited to such teatures except as may he required by the claims.

I claim:

1. A hydraulic wicavatiirgj tool tor structural piles, (tUllllJllSlfiQ a head having a main nozzle and a plurality ol. auxiliary nozzles equally spaced circumt'erentially on the main nozzle. said nozzles beixur provided with longitiulinal slits, positioned in radial planes of the respective nozzles.

2. A hydraulic excavating tool for structural pile-t. min mising a head havin; a main nozzle and a plurality of auxiliary nozzles on the main nozzle and diverging in radial planes ther'ol', said nozzles hcin; provided with longitudinal slits, the slits in the auxiliary nozzles being 'iositioned in said planes to taco the side. .wall of the main nozzle, and the slits in the main nozzle being positioned in others of such radial planes ljictwcen said auxiliary lingers.

3. A hydraulic excavating tool for rtructural piles comprising a head having a main nozzle and a plurality of auxilary, diverging nozzles. situated in radial planes of the main nozzle, said nozzles being provided with longitudinal. slits, the slits in the auxiliary nozzles being positioned in said radial planes to face the side wall of the main nozzle. and the slits in the main nozzle being positioned in others of such radial planes; ht? tween said auxiliary fingers; said head helIlQ adapted to form a shoe for a pile.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Washington D. C.

EDGAR ll. M fllt ll 1.5? (l X. 

